Graphene, you may remember, was 2017’s muse for Richard Mille, given its automotive partnership with McLaren and their own connection to the University of Manchester’s Nobel-Prize-winning carbon boffins. But more interestingly in this case, it’s that year’s other haute-tech headliner, Zenith and its Defy 21 that’s a more salient comparison.
Since LVMH chief Jean-Claude Biver’s recent departure from daily operations, it appears his swansong legacy has been the establishment of ongoing R&D cross-fertilisation between the Zenith and TAG stablemates. With ex-French Air Force test pilot-cum-physics professor Guy Semon at the scientific sharp end, Zenith first benefitted from TAG’s 2009 ‘Haute Horlogerie’ endeavour by reviving and re-appropriating its high-frequency, dual-powertrain ‘Mikrograph’ chronograph for 2017’s El Primero.
The resulting Defy 21 was not only remarkable for its pricepoint but also its bizarrely unheralded carbon-hairspring technology, present in both the 5Hz timekeeping and 50Hz timing escapements. And now, it’s clear why: Zenith was to repay TAG for its 50Hz favour with proven, properly hype-able carbon componentry.
Like silicon parts, Zenith’s carbon hairsprings are made with a photolithography process, but one that grows the parts on a silicon wafer, rather than etching them from one. A complex series of chemical and gaseous baths and reactions grow the composite at a molecular level to give it outstanding flex characteristics.
LVMH could neither confirm or deny direct comparisons between the two brands’ springs and respective manufacturing processes, but suffice to say it’s a path worth following, as TAG’s establishment of an in-house carbon-composite balance-spring manufactory at La Chaux-de-Fonds – announced at the same time as the Heuer 02T Tourbillon Nanograph – implies.
And for good reasons too – much in the same vein as silicon, only… well, better. For a start, a lightweight, low-density carbon hairspring is virtually unaffected by gravity and shock. In TAG Heuer’s lab, watches were tested up to 5,000G (in reality, a 1m fall down onto a hard surface) where metal hairsprings bent and silicon hairsprings broke, while the carbon composite hairspring remained completely intact.
Like silicon, carbon springs give you antimagnetism, perfectly concentric oscillation and come with the ‘collet’ axis attachment integrated into the mon-structure. But it’s the toughness of crystalline carbon that’s the main draw over silicon – still avoided by purist watchmakers for its brittleness. And given TAG Heuer is a sporting watchmaker this makes carbon balance-assemblies a particularly sensible way forward.
Update – Having spoken to TAG Heuer’s newly-appointed Product Director Guy Bove, the implication is that having invested in the technology over the last four years, there are few serious barriers to this eventually being rolled out across much of TAG Heuer’s range. Expect this story to develop over the course of this year!
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